Doppler images from dual-site observations of southern rapidly rotating stars II: differential rotation on Speedy Mic

J.R. Barnes, A. Collier Cameron, D.J. James & J.-F. Donati

MNRAS 324, 231 (2001)

333 kbyte .ps.gz file

We have secured high spatial and temporal resolution spectra of the rapidly rotating K-dwarf, SPEEDY (HD 197890) at two sites and a common epoch of observations. The 0.38 d axial rotation period and the V band magnitude of 9.33 make it a difficult target for Doppler imaging. In order to obtain high S/N ratio profiles from 300 secs exposures, we apply the technique of least squares deconvolution to the large number of photospheric absorption lines available in each of our spectra. This allows us to derive high resolution maximum entropy regularised Doppler images of the stellar surface. Using these techniques, we also derive radial velocities and accurate projected equatorial rotation velocities which are consistent to within about 1 km/s.
Our surface maps reveal one of the most heavily spotted photospheres seen on a rapid rotator, with starspots occurring at all latitudes. At the time of observations, SPEEDY had no strong polar spot, but shows spots concentrated in low and intermediate latitude bands. We attempt a differential rotation measurement, but lack of sufficient phase coverage only allows determination of a lower limit of 59 days for the time it takes the equatorial regions to lap the polar regions.
We also find variations in the heavily filled in Halpha line which can be attributed to prominences passing in front of the stellar disc. Despite the rapid rotation, the appearance of the same features between consecutive nights of observations shows the clouds to be stable on timescales of at least a day.